Geostrategic Media Political Commentary, Analysis, Security, Defense
The improvement of relations between Iran and Arab countries amid the complex crises of the Middle East represents a significant development that could propel the region toward greater cooperation and de-escalation of tensions. This shift, largely grounded in political realism and shared interests, marks a crucial step toward achieving medium-term stability between Iran and the Arab world, which had previously been embroiled in ideological rivalries and security tensions. These nations have now come to understand that cooperation on economic, security, and shared threat mitigation issues can be mutually beneficial. In this context, the European Union, with its extensive experience in diplomatic processes, can leverage its position as a mediator and facilitator. More importantly, what is currently critical in the Middle East is not only the actions of regional countries themselves but also Europe’s astute engagement in transforming this trend into a sustainable collaboration, which began in Syria after the fall of Assad.
Over the past century, relations between Iran and the Arab states of the Persian Gulf were marked by significant tensions due to ideological differences and regional rivalries. However, in recent years, they have shifted from confrontation to cooperation in pursuit of shared interests. This change in policies, particularly regarding regional security and humanitarian crises, stems from both sides’ recognition of new regional realities. Both parties have concluded that the continuation of regional crises and wars only benefits extremist Islamist groups. Although these changes are gradual and incremental, they could eventually replace historical animosities. Notably, in the Persian Gulf, Arab countries and Iran are finding ways to collaborate on maritime security, counterterrorism, and energy security.
Given the current circumstances, Europe can play a vital role in facilitating cooperation and de-escalation between Iran and Arab states, acting as an active facilitator in diplomatic processes rather than merely a neutral observer. Recognizing the importance of regional cooperation for maintaining stability in the Middle East, the European Union can support dialogues between Iran and Arab countries, providing a safe space for discussions and economic agreements. One of Europe’s effective tools in this regard is the use of economic incentives. Both Iran and Arab countries are continuously seeking foreign investments and stronger economic ties. The EU can foster mutual trust and facilitate collaborative processes by offering economic incentives and creating favorable conditions for joint ventures. Such cooperation could span various sectors, including energy, transportation, technology, and healthcare, contributing to sustainable development in the region. Additionally, Europe can employ diplomatic tools to strengthen ongoing dialogues, taking on an active mediating role and helping to enhance security and stability in the Middle East.
In reality, the policy of pressuring Iran, particularly under the Trump administration, not only fails to reduce tensions or advance cooperation in the Middle East but also exacerbates mistrust and distances Iran from regional integration efforts. These policies, which primarily involve economic and political sanctions, force Iran to focus on survival rather than regional cooperation, pushing the country to strengthen its defensive and offensive structures. Under such conditions, Iran is compelled to prioritize safeguarding its sovereignty at all costs, leading to more aggressive responses. This situation benefits no one and only deepens hostilities and mistrust between Iran, its regional neighbors, and even Europe.
If Europe genuinely wants Iran to actively participate in regional integration with Arab countries, it must employ positive diplomacy and encourage cooperation. Increased pressure will only present Iran with more challenges, pushing the Ayatollahs toward confrontational approaches rather than collaborative ones. In this context, the role of third-party facilitators, such as the European Union, becomes crucial. It is evident that if Europe can effectively utilize its capacities, it could help war-weary regional countries pave the way for peace and sustainable development.
