Europe

Kester Klomegah For the past couple of years, Russia has noticeably been shifting toward trade while intensifying the dynamics of ‘soft power’ within the framework of its foreign policy with Africa. In many ways, the expanded cultural programs, including art and sports and education exchanges aimed at enhancing …

Zahidul Miaji In a realist world, power is rarely exercised alone. It takes coordination, sustained support, and mutual loyalty to project strength. That is the foundation of any enduring alliance. Since the Cold War, Western powers have built a sophisticated web of strategic alliances, sometimes tested but still …

Sana Khan Giorgia Meloni, Italy’s first female prime minister, has reached her third year in power a rare milestone in a country known for rapid government turnover. Since her right-wing Brothers of Italy party’s 2022 election victory, she has maintained a firm grip on Italian politics. Her leadership …

Fakhar Alam The protracted Ukraine crisis has, at one point, created severe challenges for the global security architecture; on the other hand, it has caused unprecedented damage to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime (NPR). Prominently, this crisis has reinforced the perception among non-nuclear-weapon states (NNWS) that possessing nuclear weapons …

Dr. Cherkaoui Roudani This observation by Steven Cook of the Council on Foreign Relations captures the profound metamorphosis of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. War has not disappeared; it has evolved into a system of governance, where violence is converted into a tool of calibrated adjustment. The October 2025 ceasefire between Israel …

Kamran Bokhari The Trump administration can build on its peace-deal momentum and push out Chinese influence in the Caucasus. From the US geopolitical perspective, Azerbaijan represents a pivotal strategic partner in Eurasia. Having played a key role in mediating a historic peace agreement between Azerbaijan and neighboring Armenia, …

Fatemeh Aman A limited return to Afghanistan would confer immense advantages to Washington while triggering second-order geopolitical repercussions among its rivals. President Donald Trump’s announcement that he intends to bring Bagram Air Base back under US control has set off fresh debate about America’s role in South and …

Dr. Shehab Al-Makahleh This is a summary of a paper I presented during a lecture at one of the leading global research centers, outlining my perspective on the similarities and differences between U.S. President Donald Trump and his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin regarding domestic and foreign policy, and …

Hengu Wang Whenever I reflect on Europe’s development challenges and the state of Sino-European relations, I can’t help but think of China’s most famous science fiction novel. China’s rise, especially its rapid advancements in military and technology, has reshaped the global landscape. Yet, after a year of studying …